Process of carrying out chemical reactions.



O. SERPEK.

PROCESS FOR C ING OUT CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

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APPLI n FILED JAN-.26. 1914.

Patented Feb. 27,1917.

\ INVEMTORI OTTOKAE SERPEK, OF PARIS, FRANCE,

PROCESS FOR CARRYING Application filed January 26, 1914.

I To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I. ()rron.\n SEEM-2K, a subject of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, and a resident of Paris, France, (whose post-' oflice address is 1). Rue Roquepine, laris.) have invented a new and useful Process for (arrying Out (r hemflcal Reactions, of which the following is a specification.

The present application for patent relates to a special form of carrying out chemical r actions between solid bodies and gaseous bodies, in which the bodies which are to react pass with a speed approaching that of free fall in relatively constricted spaces ing at top heated to the desired temperature. it consists in the fact that the gaseous current does not pass through the zone of reaction along the same path as the solid substances, but penetrates tliereinto or passes out therefrom through the walls which are intentionally made sutiiciently permeable to the gases.

I By way of example, there is shown upon, the annexed drawing in vertical section (Figure 1) andin cross section (Fig. '2) an apparatus allowing the application of the principle. In the description which follows it will be supposed that this furnace is utilized for the manufacture of almninium nitrid in accordance with the process described in my copending application Ser. No. 796913.

The. apparatus consists essentially of a pile or stack of carbon washers a. resting at bottom upon an electrode and supportan electrode A. This stack of washers is surrounded by a sheet metal cover B, perfectly gas-tight and lined internally with highly refractory material (l, for example aluminiumnitrid. In order to support the stack of washers in spite of distortions due to the high temperature to which they are to be raised. the. space between the stack and the refractory lining is lilled with permeable refractory material I). for example petroleum coke.

'lhe solidsubstam-es (mixture of alumina and carbon) contained in a hopper (l, which can be opened or closed by means of a distributcr 5/, fall into the tube formed by the washers which are heated electrically by resistance. The nitrogen conveyed by the pipe into thc'central tube and through the spaces natl) enters at (.Z' leaves the latter Specification ofLetters Patent.

pass into a second similar nto a third, and so on. so

ASSIGNOR T0 SOCIETEGENEBALE nus NITRURES, 0F PARIS, FRANCE.

OUT CHEMICAL REACTIONS.

Patented Feb. 1917..

Serial No. 814,549. urally existing between the washers, finally es -aping from the apparatus through the pipes c and 6 Instead of entering at cl, the nitrogen might enter at (Z or again at (Z (l according to the position given to the cocks f f, f. \Vhen the nitrogen enters at d (1, it passes transversely through the whole apparatus, and in particular it penetrates within the washers before escaping at e 6 In this case there may be arranged a vertical partition E (Fig. 2) which compels the gases to pass through the tube in order to go from ll (1 to c c.

To simplify the constructiointhe stack of washers might be dispensed with and the heating effected by the resistance of the filling material E, care being taken of course to provide therein a passage sufiicient to allow the fall of the solid substances.

Again the stack of washers might be replaced by a tube having a large number of perforations in its height.

"lhe gases leaving the apparatus may apparatus, then long as these gases do not contain large quantities of carbon monoxid. At this moment, the gases may be allowed to escape. or the carbon monoxid separated, or the gas may be mixed with pure nitrogen so as to restore a suflicient content of nitrogen.

Instead of being heated by resistance as in the above example, the cavity in which the reaction takes place might be heated by means of electric flames, the walls of this cavity being porous so as to allow the passage of the gases.

The method of procedure which forms the subject of this invention presents the advantage of being readily able to bring a larger quantity of gas into contact with the solid materials. Indeed, if in the apparatus described, the. gas enters at one end and leaves at the other, and if it be desired to pass a large quantity of gas, the speed of the latter will necessarily be very great. ()n the contrary, with'the arrangement of the present invention, it the speed of the gas is still,great when it enters at one end 0 the tube, it diminishes continually and quickly enough to become 11:51 at the other end. When the two passages take place through the wall, the speed is low at all prere to enter at one end of the transverse direction,

speed will be only 4 points. In this'way the speed is never sufficiently violent to affect the passage of the solid materials.

Example: Let it be supposed that in order to treat a certain quantity of materials, it is necessary to pass two cubic meters of gas per minute through a tube of 10 centimeters diameter and five meters high. If the gas tube and leave at the other, its speed would be about 4: meters per second. If on the contrary this gas passes through the tube in the entering on one side of the Wall and leaving at the other, its

meters pe minute.

The process of obtaining aluminium nitrid herein intended to be claimed is specific in. respect to the manner of How of the gas. lhiy invention in its broader aspects forms the subject of my Patent No. 1,212,119, dated January 9, 1917.

I claim as my invention 1. A process of obtaining aluminium nitrid, by projecting aluminous material and carbon in powdered form through nitrogen in an inclosed space through the walls of which the nitrogen is caused to flow and heated to the temperature of the reaction.

2. A process of obtaining aluminium nitrid by projecting alumii'ious material and carbon in'powdered form through a space through which nitrogen is caused to flow in a direction across the flow of powdered material and heated to the temperature of the reaction.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

()TTOKAH HER-PER.

Witnesses:

ll ANsoN C. 00x10, Leon (human. 

